The exact date of Julius Caesar’s birth is not known, but historians claim it to be on July 12 or 13, 100 or 102 BC in Rome.His parents were Gaius Julius Caesar (a praetor) and Aurelia and although he belonged to a noble family, they weren’t very influential or rich during this time. Caesar’s gens (clan) name, Julius (Iulius), is also familiar in the Christian world, for in Caesar’s lifetime the Roman month Quintilis, in which he was born, was renamed “July” in his honour. He also learned about law and public speaking, which were important skills he would need later in life. Julius Caesar was born on either July 12 or 13, 100 BCE, but likely not via cesarean section. His great nephew Octavian and great niece Octavia were alive when he died. ; died March 15, 44. Notice that Pliny the Elder does not say that Julius Caesar was born by cesarean section, but rather “the first of the Caesars.” We know that there were many people with the name Caesar who lived and died long before the famous general and dictator Gaius Julius Caesar was even born. The assassination plot was led by Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus. Famous Birthdays. Julia became the fourth wife of Pompey the Great and was renowned for her beauty and virtue. In the same year his wife, Cornelia, and his aunt Julia, Marius’s widow, died. Military manpower was supplied by the Roman peasantry. Julius Caesar, in full Gaius Julius Caesar, (born July 12/13, 100? Source License. Corrections? Julius Caesar by Unknown. He was probably born on July 12 or 13. Died: 15 March 44 BC in Rome, Italy. Julius Caesar Birth Date c. July 12, 0100 BCE Death Date March 15, 0044 BCE Did You Know? Birthday: 12 or 13 July 100 BC Death Date: 15 March 44 BC About. His father was the governor of the Roman province in Asia. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Even people who know nothing of Caesar as a historic personality are familiar with his family name as a title signifying a ruler who is in some sense uniquely supreme or paramount—the meaning of Kaiser in German, tsar in the Slavonic languages, and qayṣar in the languages of the Islamic world. It is alleged that he was so born. Biography of Julius Caesar. to Gaius Caesar and Aurelia. Caesar's … From the beginning, he probably privately aimed at winning office, not just for the sake of the honours but in order to achieve the power to put the misgoverned Roman state and Greco-Roman world into better order in accordance with ideas of his own. As a priest not only had to be of patrician stock, but married to a patrician, Caesar broke off his engagement to a plebian girl and married the patrician, Cornelia, daughter of a high profile and influential … He was the son of a Roman praetor of the same name, studied at Rhodes, and married Cossutia, a wealthy lady of high standing, but divorced her to marry Cornelia, daughter of Cinna. The whole Mediterranean world was, in fact, at the mercy of the Roman nobility and of a new class of Roman businessmen, the equites (“knights”), which had grown rich on military contracts and on tax farming. Caesar was elected a praetor for 62 bce. read more After the suppression of Catiline’s conspiracy in 63 bce, Caesar, as well as the millionaire Marcus Licinius Crassus, was accused of complicity. Caesar, whose full name is Gaius Julius Caesar, was born in Rome, Italy on the 12th of July 100 BCE to Gaius Julius Caesar (father) and Aurelia Cotta (mother). An engraving of Julius Caesar from 1860 GeorgiosArt/ iStock via Getty Images Plus Caesarion, in full Ptolemy Philopator Philometor Caesar, also called Ptolemy XV Caesar, (born June 47 bce —died 30 bce), king of Egypt (reigned 44–30 bce), son of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra VII. Search. Gaius Julius Caesar was born to into the Julius family that was one of the oldest, wealthiest and most well-known family lines in ancient Rome. In fact, Caesar'smother, Aurelia, lived until 54 B.C., nearly half a century after her son's birth. and ruled Rome for 5 years starting in 49 B.C., which is where he appears on the Bible Timeline with world history. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Based on remarks by Plutarch, Caesar is sometimes thought to have suffered from epilepsy. He obtained the governorship of Farther Spain for 61–60 bce. Caesar afterward married Pompeia, a distant relative of Pompey. Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator, was assassinated by a group of senators on the Ides of March (15 March) of 44 BC during a meeting of the Senate at the Theatre of Pompey in Rome.The senators stabbed Caesar 23 times. Caesar originally named the giraffe "camelopard" since it resembled a camel and a leopard. Julia (c. 76 BC – 54 BC) was the daughter of Roman dictator Julius Caesar by his first or second wife Cornelia, and his only child from his marriages. Caesar refused and came close to losing not only his property (such as it was) but his life as well. Gaius Julius Caesar (/ ˈ s iː z ər /; 12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Caesar's death resulted in a long series of civil wars that ended in the death of the Roman Republic and the birth of the Roman Empire. A Roman noble won distinction for himself and his family by securing election to a series of public offices, which culminated in the consulship, with the censorship possibly to follow. This was a difficult task for even the ablest and most gifted noble unless he was backed by substantial family wealth and influence. Julius Caesar was murdered in the Roman Senate House by a group of nobles on March 15, 44 BCE. Roman Emperor Julius Caesar is regarded as one of the most powerful and successful leaders in the history of the world. Julius Caesar was a Roman general and politician who named himself dictator of the Roman Empire, a rule that lasted less than one year before he was famously assassinated by political rivals in 44 B.C. When Caesar was elevated to the status of god by the Roman senate, Caesarion became the son of god and heir to god’s kingdom, the Roman Empire. Caesar Augustus was born Gaius Octavius on September 23, 63 B.C., in Velletri, Italy. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. There is evidence, however, that the Julii Caesares, though patricians, had already committed themselves to the antinobility party. In 90 bce, Rome’s Italian allies had seceded from Rome because of the Roman government’s obstinate refusal to grant them Roman citizenship, and, as consul, Lucius Caesar had introduced emergency legislation for granting citizenship to the citizens of all Italian ally states that had not taken up arms or that had returned to their allegiance. His aunt was married to Marius, who was another great and influential Roman general. ; died March 15, 44. His father, Gaius Caesar, died when Caesar was but 16; his mother, Aurelia, was a notable woman, and it seems certain that he owed much to her. Caesar was elected one of the curule aediles for 65 bce, and he celebrated his tenure of this office by unusually lavish expenditure with borrowed money. and ruled Rome for 5 years starting in 49 B.C., which is where he appears on the Bible Timeline with world history. Julius Caesar was a Roman statesman and general who was born on 13 July 100 BC. His family were closely connected with the Marian faction in Roman politics. Caesar became the first Roman figure to be deified. J C Rolfe", "Suetonius, Life of Caesar, Chapters LXXXIII, LXXXIV, LXXXV", "Was Julius Caesar's epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis? 100 BC Born: July 100 BC. Omissions? He was the son of a Roman praetor of the same name, studied at Rhodes, and married Cossutia, a wealthy lady of high standing, but divorced her to marry Cornelia, daughter of Cinna. Julius Caesar was born in 100 BC. How might his death have been different if he had lived in o? Ptolemy was his mother’s co-ruler, killed by Octavian, later the emperor Augustus, after Cleopatra’s death in 30. Born: July 100 BC in Rome, Italy. bce , Rome [Italy]—died March 15, 44 bce , Rome), celebrated qo general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58–50 bce ), victor in the civil war of 49–45 bce , and dictator (46–44 bce ), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of March. 'Μιαρώτατε Κάσκα, τί ποιεῖς; Ronald T. Ridley, "The Dictator's Mistake: Caesar's Escape from Sulla,", constitutional government of the Republic, frequently appeared in literary and artistic works, conspiracy to seize control of the republic, [ɪmpɛˈraːtɔr ˈɡaːiʊs ˈjuːliʊs ˈɡaː(i)iː ˈfiːliʊs ˈɡaː(i)iː ˈnɛpoːs ˈkae̯sar ˈpatɛr ˈpatriae̯], "Julius Caesar: The first triumvirate and the conquest of Gaul", "Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans, by Plutarch (chapter48)", "Suetonius, 'Life of the Caesars, Julius', trans. Caesar was born in 100 B.C. Synopsis. died 15 March 44 BC. That’s not to say the information wasn’t reliable, but we have only his word to go by and no one else’s. Caesar was born in 100 B.C. The traditional competition among members of the Roman nobility for office and the spoils of office was thus threatening to turn into a desperate race for seizing autocratic power. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, The first triumvirate and the conquest of Gaul, Antecedents and outcome of the civil war of 49–45, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler, Old and Sold - Biography of Julius Caesar, Public Broadcasting Service - Biography of Julius Caeser, Social Studies for Kids - Biography of Julius Caesar, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Julius Caesar, Heritage History - Julius Caesar - Ada Russell, The History Learning Site - Biography of Julius Caesar, History World - Biography of Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Julius Caesar - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Learn how Julius Caesar and the technical strength of the Roman army expanded the Roman Empire, Western Mediterranean during the Punic Wars. Caesarion’s fate changed when Julius Caesar was stabbed to death. Occupation: Roman general and dictator. Julius Caesar was a Roman general and politician who named himself dictator of the Roman Empire, a rule that lasted less than one year before he was famously assassinated by political rivals in 44 B.C. Julius Caesar was born in Italy around July 100 BC. Gaius Julius Caesar (/ ˈ s iː z ər /; 12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Synopsis. Young Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar was born on July 12, 100 B.C.E. 130-85 BC) was a Roman senator, supporter and brother-in-law of Gaius Marius, and father of Gaius Julius Caesar, the later dictator of Rome - Julius Caesar, Roman Dictator. bce, Rome [Italy]—died March 15, 44 bce, Rome), celebrated qo general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58–50 bce), victor in the civil war of 49–45 bce, and dictator (46–44 bce), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of March. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Caesar changed the course of the history of the Greco-Roman world decisively and irreversibly. Whoever had been consul in this critical year would have had to initiate such legislation, whatever his personal political predilections. His creditors did not let him leave Rome until Crassus had gone bail for a quarter of his debts; but a military expedition beyond the northwest frontier of his province enabled Caesar to win loot for himself as well as for his soldiers, with a balance left over for the treasury. The exact date of Julius Caesar’s birth is not known, but historians claim it to be on July 12 or 13, 100 or 102 BC in Rome. Julius Caesar died 15 March 44 BC. Caesar’s gens, the Julii, were patricians—i.e., members of Rome’s original aristocracy, which had coalesced in the 4th century bce with a number of leading plebeian (commoner) families to form the nobility that had been the governing class in Rome since then. Caesar raised his ransom, raised a naval force, captured his captors, and had them crucified—all this as a private individual holding no public office. Sulla set about purging Rome of his enemies. Caesar was very ambitious - he once said "I would rather be the first man in a barbarian village than the second man in Rome" Biography: Other scholars contend his epileptic seizures were due to a parasitic infection in the brain by a tapeworm. Source License. The day was July 12 or 13; the traditional (and perhaps most probable) year is 100 bce; but if this date is correct, Caesar must have held each of his offices two years in advance of the legal minimum age. During the time when he attended school, he learned how to read and write. The requirements and the costs of a Roman political career in Caesar’s day were high, and the competition was severe; but the potential profits were of enormous magnitude. Caesar Augustus was born Gaius Octavius on September 23, 63 B.C., in Velletri, Italy. Gaius Julius Caesararrived in the world on July 13, 100 B.C., but, contrary to popular belief, it's unlikely he was bornby caesarean section. sportschau.de ist das Sport-Angebot der ARD im Internet und gehört zu ARD-Online. Julius Caesar was born around the year 100 B.C., but his actual birthday is unknown. One of the perquisites of the praetorship and the consulship was the government of a province, which gave ample opportunity for plunder. How did Julius Caesar Die 17 Jan, 2011 how did 3 Who was Julius Caesar? Consul Julius Caesar was one of the greatest rulers of Rome. He found it advisable to remove himself from Italy and to do military service, first in the province of Asia and then in Cilicia. JULIUS CAESAR (full name Caius Julius Caesar), was a celebrated Roman statesman, historian, and general, born July 12,100 B.C. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. From 133 bce onward there had been a series of alternate revolutionary and counter-revolutionary paroxysms. Updates? His life and his violent death have been widely celebrated in literature and film. Source: en.wikipedia.org. In 74 bce, when Mithradates VI Eupator, king of Pontus, renewed war on the Romans, Caesar raised a private army to combat him. Julius Caesar, in full Gaius Julius Caesar, (born July 12/13, 100? Caesar was quick to take advantage of his power by waging a successful campaign against some native tribes in Lusitania, a Roman prov… Julius Caesar Timeline This timeline details the life of Julius Caesar from birth 100 BCE to his assassination in 44 BCE Date Details EARLY YEARS 100 BCE (July 12th or 13th) Born in Rome. The exact date is not known. Toward the end of the year of his praetorship, a scandal was caused by Publius Clodius in Caesar’s house at the celebration there of the rites, for women only, of Bona Dea (a Roman deity of fruitfulness, both in the Earth and in women). Born 13 July 100 BC. His parents were Gaius Julius Caesar (a praetor) and Aurelia and although he belonged to a noble family, they weren’t very influential or rich during this time. Modern scholarship is sharply divided on the subject, and some scholars believe that he was plagued by malaria, particularly during the Sullan proscriptions of the 80s. In public funeral orations in their honour, Caesar found opportunities for praising Cinna and Marius. It would be akin to someone today writing about events 100 years ago with flimsy information and unreliable recollections. Deciding that belonging to the priesthood would bring the most benefit to the family, he managed to have himself nominated as the new High Priest of Jupiter. In 84 bce Caesar committed himself publicly to the radical side by marrying Cornelia, a daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, a noble who was Marius’s associate in revolution. Julius Caesar was born the natural way. At the time, Julius Caesar had been declared dictator by the Senate and had only served a year’s term. to a noble family. The Julii Caesares did not seem to be in the running. He was of the Julii family 85 BCE (date unknown) Became head of the family after his father died. The old Roman calendar was inaccurate and manipulated for political purposes. This name has survived, as has Caesar’s reform of the calendar. In the uproar in the Senate, Caesar’s motion was defeated. Died: 15 March 44 BC (aged 55) Source(s): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar 1 0 It was only performed when the mother was dead and the baby needed saving. He has, however, already reformed the Senate in that short period and made changes in how local governments worked. Julius Caesar was immensely popular with the people of Rome. Death of Caesar. It was evident that the misgovernment of the Roman state and the Greco-Roman world by the Roman nobility could not continue indefinitely and it was fairly clear that the most probable alternative was some form of military dictatorship backed by dispossessed Italian peasants who had turned to long-term military service. Caesar was named after his father. Julius Caesar was born on either July 12 or 13, 100 BCE, but likely not via cesarean section. In spite of the inadequacy of his resources, Caesar seems to have chosen a political career as a matter of course. Contrary to popular opinion Julius Caesar was not born via cesarean section, anesthesia had not been invented. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Julius Caesar was assassinated by about 40 Roman senators on the "ides of March" (March 15) 44 BCE. Though some of the most powerful noble families were patrician, patrician blood was no longer a political advantage; it was actually a handicap, since a patrician was debarred from holding the paraconstitutional but powerful office of tribune of the plebs. But there’s more to this part of the story. Rome’s victory over Carthage in the Second Punic War (218–201 bce) had made Rome the paramount power in the Mediterranean basin; an influential Roman noble family’s clients (that is, protégés who, in return, gave their patrons their political support) might include kings and even whole nations, besides numerous private individuals. read more. Learn how Julius Caesar and the Roman army created an empire. In 83 bce Lucius Cornelius Sulla returned to Italy from the East and led the successful counter-revolution of 83–82 bce; Sulla then ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia. Julius Caesar crafted an alliance with Marcus Licinius Crassus and Pompey to form the First Triumvirate and challenge the power of the Roman Senate. At sixteen he was the head of his family, and soon came under threat as Lucius Cornelius Sulla became Roman dictator. Did You Know? Cleopatra declared Caesarion to be the King of Kings at the age of thirteen during Alexandria’s ceremony in 34 BC. Born: Gaius Julius Caesar 12 July 100 BC Rome, Italia, Roman Republic: Died: 15 March 44 BC (aged 55) Rome, Italia: Cause of death: Assassination (stab wounds) Secondly, is cesarean section named after Julius Caesar? Soon after, Cinna, a powerful Roman politician, arranged for Caesar to marry his daughter Cornelia. Caesar was then elected praetor (an elected Roman official) for 62 B.C.E. On March 15, 44 B.C.E., Julius Caesar was stabbed to death in Rome, Italy. Caesar consequently divorced Pompeia. An aunt of the future dictator had married Gaius Marius, a self-made man (novus homo) who had forced his way up to the summit by his military ability and had made the momentous innovation of recruiting his armies from the dispossessed peasants. During his youth, the Roman Republic was in chaos. He grew up in an aristocratic family. The month 'July' actually comes from his name, Julius. It was also not rich or influential or even distinguished. , when he was elected pontifex maximus, the chief religious office in Rome that carried important political possibilities. Caesar now worked to undo the Sullan constitution in cooperation with Pompey (Gnaeus Pompeius), who had started his career as a lieutenant of Sulla but had changed sides since Sulla’s death. Caesar's first important political success came in 63 B.C.E. It is improbable that Caesar deliberately sought monarchical power until after he had crossed the Rubicon in 49 bce, though sufficient power to impose his will, as he was determined to do, proved to mean monarchical power. The date of Caesar the dictator’s birth has long been disputed. Julius Caesar's family was old Roman nobility, but they were not rich. An engraving of Julius Caesar from 1860 GeorgiosArt/ iStock via Getty Images Plus By now he had become a controversial political figure. Julius Caesar had a son with Cleopatra named Caesarion, or "little Caesar". Hundreds were killed or exiled, and Caesar was on the list. The Julii Caesares traced their lineage back to the goddess Venus, but the family was not snobbish or conservative-minded. He is also known as an author of Latin prose. Julius Caesar Roman General In Power Oct, 49 BC – Mar 15, 44 BC (as dictator and/or consul) Born July 100 BC Rome Died March 15, 44 BC (aged 55) Curia of Pompey, Rome Wife Cornelia Cinna minor Pompeia Calpurnia Pisonis Father Gaius Julius Cæsar Mother Aurelia Cotta Religion Roman paganism Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.) Gaius Julius Caesar (proconsul) Gaius Julius Caesar jr (ca. The senators claimed to be acting over fears that Caesar's unprecedented concentration of power during his dictatorship was undermining the Roman Republic, and presented … He was born on 13 July 100 BC and died on 15 march 44 BC (Age 55) Julius Caesar was born in 100 BC, in Rome and died in 44 BC, in Rome. His father died when he was 16, but he received significant support from his mother. En route he was captured by pirates (one of the symptoms of the anarchy into which the Roman nobility had allowed the Mediterranean world to fall). It is named after Julius Caesar. In his absence from Rome, Caesar was made a member of the politico-ecclesiastical college of pontifices; and on his return he gained one of the elective military tribuneships. A co-conspirator, Decmius Brutus, was Caesar's second heir in his will. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 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